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Checking Timing An access plug is provided in the cam drive belt cover so that camshaft timing can be checked without removal of the cover or any other parts. 1. Remove the access plug from the cam drive belt cover. 2. Rotate the crankshaft so that the No. 1 piston is rising on compression stroke. 3. Set the crankshaft to TDC by aligning the timing mark on the crank pulley with the TC mark on the belt cover. Always turn the engine in the direction of normal rotation (clockwise, as viewed from the front). Backward rotation may cause the timing belt to jump time, due to the arrangement of the belt tensioner. 4. Look through the access hole in the belt cover to make sure that the timing mark on the cam drive sprocket is lined up with the pointer on the inner belt cover. 5. Install the belt cover access plug. Adjusting Timing Belt SPECIAL SERVICE TOOL(S) REQUIRED Description Crankshaft Belt Tension Adjusting Tool T74P-6254-A 1. Remove the outer timing belt cover as outlined in this section. CAUTION: Attempting to adjust timing belt tension without loosening spring pivot bolt will break Crankshaft Belt Tension Adjusting Tool T74P-6254-A when relieving tension on the belt. 2. If belt timing or tension is incorrect, loosen timing belt spring pivot bolt. 3. Hold tensioner with Camshaft Belt Tension Adjusting Tool T74P-6254-A. 4. While holding tensioner, loosen adjusting bolt and gradually release spring tension. Loosening Timing Belt Tensioner, 2.3L Tool Number 8 — 5. Using adjusting tool, pry tensioner away from belt. While holding, tighten adjusting bolt. There should be no tension on belt. Camshaft Timing Belt, 2.3L I-4 Timing Mark on Camshaft Sprocket Remove the bolts holding the crankshaft position sensor in place and pull the sensor assembly free of the dowel pin. 7. Remove the crankshaft pulley , crankshaft pulley hub and timing belt guide. 8. Remove the drive belt and inspect it for wear or damage. If the belt is damaged, replace it. 9. Remove one spark plug from each cylinder. 10. If not done: a. Loosen tensioner adjusting bolt. b. Using Camshaft Belt Tension Adjusting Tool T74P-6254-A, pry tensioner clockwise against spring tension as far as possible. c. Tighten adjusting bolt to hold tensioner in released position. 11. Align crankshaft so number one piston is at TDC (top dead center) as indicated by timing mark. 12. Line up camshaft sprocket timing mark with inner timing belt cover timing mark and key is pointing down.

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Common causes of camshaft timing belt failure on the above vehicles are due to incorrect operating tension, or ingress of dirt, water, or debris entering the timing belt cover. Predominantly on Fiesta models a high percentage of camshaft timing belt failures occur after the ancillary poly ‘V’ drive belt has failed, where strands of material off the broken belt have entered the timing belt cover. This is especially so where an ancillary belt has been fitted that does not contain “Kevlar” based materials. It is therefore important to always remove the timing belt cover to check for belt debris if the ancillary belt has failed. Any contamination that enters the timing belt cover can become compressed between the surfaces of the camshaft timing belt and drive pulleys. This causes wear to both the belt teeth, backing surface, and damage to the drive pulleys, resulting in premature failure of the camshaft timing belt. Later engines have modifications to improve the sealing of the belt cover around the crankshaft pulley, to reduce the level of outside contamination. Incorrect tensioning of the belt during installation will adversely affect the life of the belt. Before fitting a new belt it is important to check and observe the following points :- 1) Right Hand Inner Wing Splash Shield (Fiesta, Escort, Mondeo) This must be fitted and undamaged. 2) Timing Belt Cover Check that all components of the cover are fitted and undamaged. Ensure the latest type of modified cover is fitted. 3) a) Toothed Drive Pulleys Check that the tooth profiles are not worn or damaged. On vehicles built before January 1994 special attention should be given to the nylon toothed pulley situated below the camshaft pulley in a clockwise position on the belt drive (see diag item 4). This should be changed to a modified steel pulley (Ford No. 7053802) plus bolt (6701537). Ensure that the Camshaft and Injection Pump sprockets are free to rotate on the drive locations when the retaining bolts are slackened off. b) 4) a) b) c) Water Pump, Idler and Tensioner Pulleys Check that the belt running surfaces are not worn or damaged. Check that the flanges are running true and not damaged. Check that the water pump, and pulley bearings are in good condition, to ensure correct belt alignment. 5) Crankshaft Pulley The toothed pulley is in two parts. The rear section (Injection Pump Drive) is located onto the crankshaft by a small drive pin. The front section (Camshaft and “Poly V” belt drive) engages onto the rear pulley via a small vee protrusion on the rear face. Should the central fixing bolt for the crankshaft pulley come loose, or an old bolt re-used (Stretch bolt design), it is possible for fretting to take place damaging the locations. The crankshaft and camshaft pulleys can then move out of timing alignment, resulting in valve and piston contact damage. Replacement Procedure As the vehicle is fitted with two timing belts, one to drive the Camshaft, and one to drive the Injection Pump drives, which are driven off the crankshaft pulley, it is strongly recommended that both belts are replaced at the same time. NOTE: Special tools are required to lock the crankshaft, camshaft, and injection pump in the correct angular location when changing the belts, to ensure correct timing position. IMPORTANT: Ensure the engine is cold (not run for 4 hours) before commencing working as this will affect the setting of the timing belt tension and could lead to premature failure. Continued . . . .

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NOTE: Ford does not provide camshaft gear timing marks, or information to perform timing belt service without the special tools shown in this procedure. 1. Grasp the spark plug boot firmly and with a twisting pulling motion, disconnect the spark plug wires from the spark plugs. 2. NOTE: If an original spark plug is reused, install it in the cylinder from which it was removed. New spark plugs can be used in any cylinder. NOTE: Use compressed air to remove any foreign material from the spark plug well before removing the spark plugs. Remove the spark plugs. 3. Remove the valve cover. 4. Disconnect the heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) electrical connector. 5. Remove the timing belt covers. 6. Remove the catalytic converter. 7. NOTE: Cylinder No. 1 is at top dead center (TDC) when the keyway is in the 12 o’clock position. Position cylinder No. 1 just prior to TDC. 8. Remove the stud bolt. Install the timing peg. 10. Rotate the crankshaft clockwise against the timing peg. 11. CAUTION: If the crankshaft timing belt is to be reused, mark the direction of the camshaft timing belt to the rotation of the camshaft prior to removal, or premature wear or failure may occur. Relieve the tension on the timing belt tensioner pulley. Loosen the tensioner pulley bolt. Release the tension on the timing belt by disconnecting the tensioner tab from the timing cover back plate.

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1. Remove the engine front cover; refer to the procedure in this section. 2. Remove the (A) crankshaft sensor ring from the (B)crankshaft (6303). 3. On WEP engines, use the (A) Camshaft Positioning Tool to position the (B) camshaft. 4. on REP engines, rotate the crankshaft until both camshaft keyways are 90° from the cam cover surface. On REP and WEP engines, make sure the copper links line up with the dots on the camshaft sprockets. 5. On REP equipped engines, install the (A) Cam Positioning Tool and the Camshaft Positioning Tool Adapters on the (B) camshaft. 6. On WEP engines, install the (A) Camshaft Holding Tool on the (B) camshaft. 7. Remove the (A) LH timing chain tensioner bolts and the (B) LH timing chain tensioner. 8. Remove the (A) RH timing chain tensioner bolts and the (B) RH timing chain tensioner. 9. Remove the LH and RH timing chain tensioner guides from the dowel pins. 10. CAUTION: At no time, when the timing chains are removed and the cylinder heads are installed may the crankshaft or camshaft be rotated. Severe piston and valve damage will occur. Remove the RH and LH timing chains and crankshaft sprockets. 1. Lift RH timing chain off of the camshaft sprocket and slide the timing chain and crankshaft sprocket off of the crankshaft. 2. Lift the LH timing chain off the camshaft sprocket and slide the timing chain and the crankshaft sprocket off of the crankshaft. 11. On REP engines, remove the chain guides. 1. Remove the LH timing chain guide bolts. 2. Remove the LH timing chain guide. 3. Remove the RH timing chain guide bolts. 4. Remove the RH timing chain guide.

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An access plug is provided in the cam drive belt cover so that camshaft timing can be checked without removal of the cover or any other parts. 1. Remove access plug from cam drive belt cover. 2. Set crankshaft to TDC by aligning the TC mark on the timing belt cover with notch on crankshaft pulley. CAUTION: Always rotate crankshaft clockwise, which is the normal direction of rotation. Reverse rotation (counterclockwise) may cause the timing belt to jump time due to the arrangement of the timing belt tensioner. 3. Look through the access hole in the belt cover to be sure that the timing mark on the camshaft drive sprocket is aligned with the pointer on the inner timing belt cover assembly. 4. Remove the distributor cap and check that the distributor rotor is facing the No. 1 position on the distributor cap. 5. If belt timing is satisfactory, install distributor cap and belt cover access plug. If belt timing is unsatisfactory, continue on to “Adjustment or Replacement” procedure. Adjustment Or Replacement 1. Remove Thermactor pump drive belt, then the fan and water pump pulley. 2. Remove alternator drive belt, then drain cooling system and remove upper radiator hose. 3. Remove crankshaft pulley, then the thermostat housing and gasket. 4. On models equipped with power steering, disconnect power steering pump from bracket and position aside.