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Ensure camshaft and crankshaft timing marks are still aligned. Outer marks on sprockets should be aligned with rocker cover surface. Verify timing chain timing mark alignment, if necessary. See Fig. 2 . Install timing belt tensioner pulley. Install timing belt. If reusing old belt, ensure belt is installed in original direction of rotation. 2. Loosen timing belt tensioner bolt, allowing tensioner pulley to contact belt. Tighten timing belt tensioner pulley bolt. Rotate crankshaft one turn clockwise. Realign camshaft and crankshaft timing marks. 3. Adjust timing belt tension until .15-.24″ (4-6 mm) deflection is present midway between idler pulley and camshaft sprocket, with a force of 4.4 lbs. (2 kg) applied to belt. 4. Rotate engine clockwise 2 revolutions. Ensure timing marks are still aligned and proper belt tension still exists. Install timing belt covers. Install crankshaft pulley. To complete installation, reverse removal procedure. Adjust drive belt to proper tension.

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1. Disconnect negative battery cable. Remove engine undercover. Place wooden block between jack and oil pan, and raise engine slightly. Remove engine mount assembly near timing belt cover. 2. Remove clamp for power steering return hose near timing belt cover. Remove all drive belts and tensioner pulley bracket. See Fig. 1 . Remove power steering and water pump pulleys. Rotate crankshaft clockwise so that No. 1 cylinder is at TDC of compression stroke. Remove crankshaft pulley. CAUTION: DO NOT rotate crankshaft counterclockwise. Ensure timing marks are aligned. If reusing timing belts, mark timing belts for direction of rotation. 3. Remove upper timing belt cover and gasket. Remove stub bolt of engine support bracket, and remove center timing belt cover. Remove lower timing belt cover. NOTE: Camshaft sprocket dowel pins will be in 12 o’clock position when timing marks are correctly aligned. 4. Ensure camshaft, crankshaft and oil pump sprocket timing marks are aligned. See Fig. 2 or Fig. 3 . Loosen tensioner pulley center bolt. Move tensioner to relieve timing belt tension. Remove timing belt. Remove timing belt auto tensioner. See Fig. 1 . 5. Remove plug from left side of cylinder block. Install a .31″ (8.0 mm) diameter Phillips screwdriver into the hole against balance shaft. See Fig. 4 . Screwdriver must go in at least 2.36″ (60 mm) or more. If screwdriver will only go in about .79-.98″ (20-25 mm) before striking balance shaft, turn sprocket one revolution and align timing mark. Keep screwdriver in place until timing belt is installed. This ensures balance shaft driven by oil pump sprocket remains in correct position. 6. To remove timing belt “B” (balance shaft belt), hold crankshaft sprocket stationary with a spanner wrench. Remove crankshaft sprocket bolt. Using gear puller, remove outer crankshaft sprocket. 7. Remove crankshaft sensing blade (if equipped). See Fig. 5 . Loosen timing belt “B” tensioner bolt. If reusing timing belt “B”, mark direction of belt rotation for reassembly reference. Remove timing belt “B”.

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TIMING BELT Removal
1. Remove all drive belts and drive pulleys from crankshaft and water pump. Remove generator bolt, if necessary. Remove crankshaft pulley and water pump pulley. 2. Remove timing belt covers and gaskets, noting bolt lengths and locations. DO NOT rotate engine counterclockwise, as viewed from timing belt side of engine. Remove timing belt tensioner pulley. 3. Rotate engine clockwise to align all timing marks so No. 1 cylinder is at TDC of compression stroke. See Fig. 1 . If reusing belt, place mark on timing belt to indicate direction of belt rotation. Remove belt. CAUTION: This application is an interference engine. Do not rotate camshaft or crankshaft when timing belt is removed, or engine damage may occur. NOTE: On some models, engine is equipped with a timing belt and timing chain. Inspect timing chain when replacing timing belt.

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Common causes of camshaft timing belt failure on the above vehicles are due to incorrect operating tension, or ingress of dirt, water, or debris entering the timing belt cover. Predominantly on Fiesta models a high percentage of camshaft timing belt failures occur after the ancillary poly ‘V’ drive belt has failed, where strands of material off the broken belt have entered the timing belt cover. This is especially so where an ancillary belt has been fitted that does not contain “Kevlar” based materials. It is therefore important to always remove the timing belt cover to check for belt debris if the ancillary belt has failed. Any contamination that enters the timing belt cover can become compressed between the surfaces of the camshaft timing belt and drive pulleys. This causes wear to both the belt teeth, backing surface, and damage to the drive pulleys, resulting in premature failure of the camshaft timing belt. Later engines have modifications to improve the sealing of the belt cover around the crankshaft pulley, to reduce the level of outside contamination. Incorrect tensioning of the belt during installation will adversely affect the life of the belt. Before fitting a new belt it is important to check and observe the following points :- 1) Right Hand Inner Wing Splash Shield (Fiesta, Escort, Mondeo) This must be fitted and undamaged. 2) Timing Belt Cover Check that all components of the cover are fitted and undamaged. Ensure the latest type of modified cover is fitted. 3) a) Toothed Drive Pulleys Check that the tooth profiles are not worn or damaged. On vehicles built before January 1994 special attention should be given to the nylon toothed pulley situated below the camshaft pulley in a clockwise position on the belt drive (see diag item 4). This should be changed to a modified steel pulley (Ford No. 7053802) plus bolt (6701537). Ensure that the Camshaft and Injection Pump sprockets are free to rotate on the drive locations when the retaining bolts are slackened off. b) 4) a) b) c) Water Pump, Idler and Tensioner Pulleys Check that the belt running surfaces are not worn or damaged. Check that the flanges are running true and not damaged. Check that the water pump, and pulley bearings are in good condition, to ensure correct belt alignment. 5) Crankshaft Pulley The toothed pulley is in two parts. The rear section (Injection Pump Drive) is located onto the crankshaft by a small drive pin. The front section (Camshaft and “Poly V” belt drive) engages onto the rear pulley via a small vee protrusion on the rear face. Should the central fixing bolt for the crankshaft pulley come loose, or an old bolt re-used (Stretch bolt design), it is possible for fretting to take place damaging the locations. The crankshaft and camshaft pulleys can then move out of timing alignment, resulting in valve and piston contact damage. Replacement Procedure As the vehicle is fitted with two timing belts, one to drive the Camshaft, and one to drive the Injection Pump drives, which are driven off the crankshaft pulley, it is strongly recommended that both belts are replaced at the same time. NOTE: Special tools are required to lock the crankshaft, camshaft, and injection pump in the correct angular location when changing the belts, to ensure correct timing position. IMPORTANT: Ensure the engine is cold (not run for 4 hours) before commencing working as this will affect the setting of the timing belt tension and could lead to premature failure. Continued . . . .

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Checking Timing An access plug is provided in the cam drive belt cover so that camshaft timing can be checked without removal of the cover or any other parts. 1. Remove the access plug from the cam drive belt cover. 2. Rotate the crankshaft so that the No. 1 piston is rising on compression stroke. 3. Set the crankshaft to TDC by aligning the timing mark on the crank pulley with the TC mark on the belt cover. Always turn the engine in the direction of normal rotation (clockwise, as viewed from the front). Backward rotation may cause the timing belt to jump time, due to the arrangement of the belt tensioner. 4. Look through the access hole in the belt cover to make sure that the timing mark on the cam drive sprocket is lined up with the pointer on the inner belt cover. 5. Install the belt cover access plug. Adjusting Timing Belt SPECIAL SERVICE TOOL(S) REQUIRED Description Crankshaft Belt Tension Adjusting Tool T74P-6254-A 1. Remove the outer timing belt cover as outlined in this section. CAUTION: Attempting to adjust timing belt tension without loosening spring pivot bolt will break Crankshaft Belt Tension Adjusting Tool T74P-6254-A when relieving tension on the belt. 2. If belt timing or tension is incorrect, loosen timing belt spring pivot bolt. 3. Hold tensioner with Camshaft Belt Tension Adjusting Tool T74P-6254-A. 4. While holding tensioner, loosen adjusting bolt and gradually release spring tension. Loosening Timing Belt Tensioner, 2.3L Tool Number 8 — 5. Using adjusting tool, pry tensioner away from belt. While holding, tighten adjusting bolt. There should be no tension on belt. Camshaft Timing Belt, 2.3L I-4 Timing Mark on Camshaft Sprocket Remove the bolts holding the crankshaft position sensor in place and pull the sensor assembly free of the dowel pin. 7. Remove the crankshaft pulley , crankshaft pulley hub and timing belt guide. 8. Remove the drive belt and inspect it for wear or damage. If the belt is damaged, replace it. 9. Remove one spark plug from each cylinder. 10. If not done: a. Loosen tensioner adjusting bolt. b. Using Camshaft Belt Tension Adjusting Tool T74P-6254-A, pry tensioner clockwise against spring tension as far as possible. c. Tighten adjusting bolt to hold tensioner in released position. 11. Align crankshaft so number one piston is at TDC (top dead center) as indicated by timing mark. 12. Line up camshaft sprocket timing mark with inner timing belt cover timing mark and key is pointing down.