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DTC P0500: VEHICLE SPEED SENSOR (VSS) MALFUNCTION (ES 300 & HIGHLANDER) CAUTION: If ECM replacement is instructed in following testing, always ensure ECM harness connector and ground circuit are okay. If either are suspect, repair and repeat testing to confirm ECM malfunction. If ECM is replaced, ECM must be programmed with proper ignition key code for engine immobilizer system. For programming procedures, see COMPUTER RELEARN PROCEDURES article in GENERAL INFORMATION. NOTE: For circuit reference, see CONNECTOR IDENTIFICATION and/or WIRING DIAGRAMS . Circuit Description Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS) wheel speed sensors detect wheel speed and sends signals to ABS ECU. The ABS ECU converts signals into a 4-pulse signal and outputs signal to instrument cluster. Instrument cluster converts signal to a more precise waveform and outputs signal to ECM. ECM determines vehicle speed based on frequency of these pulse signals. DTC is set when ECM does not detect any VSS signal while vehicle is in motion. Possible causes are: Faulty wheel speed sensors. Open or short in VSS circuit. Faulty instrument cluster. Faulty ECM. l l l l Diagnosis & Repair eg

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The A4WD system is an electronic shift 4×4 system that allows the operator to choose between three different 4×4 modes as well as 2-wheel drive. The operator can switch between 2WD, A4WD, and 4WD HIGH modes at speed. To engage or disengage LOW Range, the vehicle speed must be less than 5 kph, the brake depressed, and the transmission must be in NEUTRAL. A4WD In A4WD, the generic electronic module (GEM) varies the torque split between front and rear drivelines by controlling the transfer case clutch. Under most conditions, the GEM activates the transfer case clutch at a minimum duty cycle (percentage of time the clutch is turned on) which allows for slight speed differences between the front and rear driveshafts which normally occurs when negotiating a corner on dry pavement. When the rear wheels are overpowered, the GEM detects this slip condition, and the duty cycle to the transfer case clutch is increased until the speed difference between driveshafts is reduced. In this manner, the GEM can redirect up to 50% of engine torque to the front wheels when the rear wheels lose traction, yet still allow operation in the A4WD mode on dry pavement without driveline wind-up. NOTE: When the ABS system is active, the GEM will default to a minimum duty cycle for the transfer case clutch. Feature Inputs: 4WD mode switch (various resistances). Front/rear driveshaft speed sensors (Hall effect sensor output: 26.67 Hz/mph). ABS active input (battery voltage when ABS is active, grounded when inactive). Contact plate position inputs A, B, C, D (grounded when closed, open circuit when open). Feature Outputs: Solid state clutch relay output (pulse width modulated signal: grounded when relay is on, battery potential when relay is off). 4×2/4×4 vacuum solenoid (ground when activated, open circuit when deactivated). A4WD indicator (ground when activated, open circuit when deactivated). Shifting Between 2WD, A4WD, and 4WD HIGH Shifts between 2WD, A4WD, and 4WD HIGH can be made at any speed. Listed below are the inputs and outputs needed by the GEM to execute a change between any of these modes. Feature Inputs: 4WD mode switch (various resistances). Contact plate position inputs A, B, C, D (grounded when closed, open circuit when open:). Feature Outputs: 4×4 shift motor relay outputs. Solid state clutch relay (pulse width modulated signal; grounded when relay is on, battery potential when relay is off). 4×2/4×4 vacuum solenoid (ground when activated, open circuit when deactivated). Cluster indicators (ground when activated, open circuit when deactivated). Shifting Into/Out of LOW RANGE When shifting into or out of LOW RANGE, the GEM requires that the vehicle speed is less than 5 kph, the brake is applied, and the transmission is in NEUTRAL. Feature Inputs: 4WD mode switch (various resistances). Contact plate position inputs A, B, C, D (grounded when closed, open circuit when open:). VSS Sensor (sinusoid signal: 0.7V-20V, 2.2 Hz/mph). Brake input (battery voltage when brake is depressed, open circuit when not activated). Digital transmission range (DTR) sensor (ground when transmission is in neutral, open circuit otherwise). Start/clutch depressed input. Feature Outputs: 4×4 shift motor relay outputs. 4×2/4×4 vacuum solenoid (ground when activated, open circuit when deactivated). Cluster indicators (ground when activated, open circuit when deactivated).

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Condition Some customers may comment on intermittent illumination of the Service 4WD light. Upon investigation, the technician may find DTC C0374 set. The customer may also comment on intermittent erratic operation of the 4WD or AWD system after driving through rain/snow or simply going through a car wash. Cause The speed sensor signal may have become corrupted. Possible openings in the speed sensor wire insulation (twisted pairs) can allow water intrusion. Also, wire connections contaminated by water may result in short circuits and erroneous speed sensor readings. This most often occurs on the rear speed sensor circuit. Correction Inspect the wiring harness to the transfer case speed sensors. On Rainier, TrailBlazer, Envoy and 9-7X models, fabricate a replacement speed sensor harness between the C101 connector and the speed sensors. Completely inspect and test all wiring. Refer to Speed Signal, Front Axle Actuator, and Indicators schematic in SI. Replace the affected twisted pairs. Do not over-twist the two wires in the replacement harness. Wires should be twisted at a rate of 9 revolutions per foot. Use service connector pack, P/N 88987993, at the speed sensor end and terminal, P/N 15326267, at C101. Terminal testing tools and service terminals can be found in Terminal Repair Kit J 38125. Terminals are available from SPX/Kent-Moore. Call 1-800-GM-TOOLS (1-800-468-6657). The smaller transfer case harness splices into the larger chassis harness a few inches in front of the

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During assembly, some wheel speed sensors may have been improperly installed and do not seal the hub assembly. Water may enter the hub assembly and damage the wheel bearing. In areas where road salt is used, the wheel bearings may corrode, which may cause the wheel to separate and fall off, increasing the risk of a crash. CORRECTIVE ACTION Inspect both rear ABS wheel speed sensors and their O-rings. If an ABS wheel speed sensor or O-ring is damaged, replace the damaged part and the hub bearing unit on that wheel. REPAIR PROCEDURE 1. 2. 3. 4. Raise the vehicle on a lift. Remove the rear wheels. Remove both rear ABS wheel speed sensors. Inspect the rear ABS wheel speed sensors and their O-rings. • If a rear ABS wheel speed sensor O-ring is damaged (cut, torn, pinched, or flattened), replace the O-ring and the corresponding rear hub bearing unit, then go to step 5. DAMAGED O-RINGS: O-ring is pinched. • If the rear ABS wheel speed sensor tip has any physical damage, remove the original sensor assembly, replace the corresponding rear hub bearing unit(s), and connect the new sensor’s wire harness. Then go to step 5. – Refer to page 18-34 (with disc brakes) or 18-36 (with drum brakes) of the 2006–07 Civic Service Manual, or – Online, enter keyword HUB, then select Rear Knuckle/Hub Bearing Unit Replacement from the list. O-ring is rolled out of the groove and flattened. -Refer to page 18-34 (with disc brakes) or 18-36 (with drum brakes) of the 2006–07 Civic Service Manual, or – Online, enter keyword HUB, then select Rear Knuckle/Hub Bearing Unit Replacement from the list. • If the rear ABS wheel speed sensors and their O-rings are OK, go to step 5. 5. Lubricate the ABS wheel speed sensor O-ring and the sensor hole in the knuckle with multi-purpose grease.

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Removal NOTE; NOTE: NOTE: Check and record all codes and actions of your transmission before transmission is removed. This will help if you still have problems after installation. Damage to your transmission may have been caused from some other external source. Deactivate air bag system before performing any service operation. See appropriate AIR BAG RESTRAINT SYSTEMS article in ACCESSORIES & EQUIPMENT. Do not apply any electrical power to any component on steering column without first deactivating air bag(s) system. AIR BAG MAY DEPLOY. When battery is disconnected, vehicle computer and memory systems may lose memory data. Drivability problems may exist until computer systems have completed a relearn cycle. See COMPUTER RELEARN PROCEDURES article in GENERAL INFORMATION before disconnecting battery. 1) Disconnect negative battery cable, remove dipstick, place transmission shift lever in the neutral position. Raise and support vehicle. 2) Remove all necessary skid plates if equipped. 3) Remove any engine to transmission struts (if equipped), and any exhausts components required for transmission removal. 4) Mark drive shaft and axel flange or yoke for reassembly reference, and remove drive shaft(s). 5) On all models, disconnect any shift linkage, wiring harnesses and control cables. NOTE: Use caution when pulling any wiring connectors. Do not pry on tabs or connectors with screwdriver. Slightly wiggle while pushing in or pulling out on tab(s). They should come out with a little patience. 6) On 4WD models, remove any shift linkage, cables, wiring harnesses, brackets and braces from transfer- case. 7) Remove transfer-case prior to removal of transmission. On vehicles equipped with Power Take Off (PTO) unit, disconnect controls and remove. 9) On all models, remove necessary heat shields for access to electrical connectors. 10) Unplug all connectors from all turbine sensors, solenoid assembly, and speed sensors. 11) Remove starter and converter inspection cover. Rotate crankshaft clockwise and remove torque converter bolts (nuts) from drive plate (flex plate). 12) Remove transmission oil pan (or plug if equipped) to allow transmission to drain. 13) After transmission is drained, reinstall the pan (or plug) and place a jack under the transmission. 14) Slightly raise transmission with jack, and remove transmission mount and cross member. 15) Disconnect oil cooler lines, and remove filler tube. Cover all cooler line openings. 16) Secure the transmission to the transmission jack with safety straps or chains. 17) Remove all remaining transmission-to-engine bolts, and torque converter bolts. 18) Move transmission rearward aprox.1 to3 inches and slightly down. 19) Install a small C-clamp or other holding device, to hold torque converter in place while removing the transmission. 20) Do not remove the transmission all the way, only a few inches (1 to 3 ) at a time. Check to make sure everything is disconnected and clear.