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1995-96 STARTING & CHARGING SYSTEMS Volkswagen Starters Cabrio, Golf III, GTI, Jetta III DESCRIPTION Starter is a brush type, series-wound electric motor with an overrunning clutch. Field frame is enclosed by commutator end frame and drive bushing, and carries pole shoes and field coils. A splined armature shaft drive end carries drive assembly. TROUBLE SHOOTING NOTE: ON-VEHICLE TESTING STARTER DOES NOT CRANK ENGINE 1) Ensure battery is fully charged. Ensure electrical and ground connections are clean and tight. With ignition switch in START position, measure voltage at spade terminal of starter solenoid. Reading should be at least 8 volts. If voltage is as specified, go to step 3). If voltage is not as specified, go to next step. 2) Measure voltage at ignition switch. If reading is at least 8 volts, check wiring between ignition switch and starter solenoid. If voltage is not as specified, replace ignition switch. 3) While operating starter, measure voltage at field (starter) terminal of starter solenoid. If reading is at least 8 volts, repair or replace starter. If reading is less than 8 volts, replace starter solenoid. NOTE: See TROUBLE SHOOTING article in GENERAL INFORMATION. On vehicles with automatic transmission, also check park/neutral switch. STARTER CRANKS TOO SLOWLY TO START ENGINE Ensure battery is fully charged. Ensure electrical and ground connections are clean and tight. If necessary, clean and tighten ground strap between transmission and body. DO NOT loosen ground strap on body. If starter still turns slowly, repair or replace starter. REMOVAL & INSTALLATION Removal & Installation 1) Disconnect negative battery cable. Support engine/transmission assembly with Support Beam (VW 10-222A) and Leg

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WARNING: When the battery cables are connected, touching the vehicle body with starter terminal B will generate sparks. This can cause personal injury, fire, and damage to the electrical components. Always disconnect the battery before performing the following operation. 1. Disconnect the negative battery cable. 2. Remove the battery. 3. Remove the intake manifold bracket. 4. Remove in the order indicated in the table. 5. Install in the reverse order of removal.

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2. Disconnect all wiring from starter solenoid. Remove starter cable from retainer. Remove starter wiring from guides. Remove guides. 3. Raise and support vehicle. Remove noise insulation panel. See Fig. 3 . Remove left-side insulation panel. See Fig. 4 . Remove brackets/retainers securing power steering pressure line. Place power steering pressure line aside. 4. Remove bolts securing starter. See Fig. 5 . Remove starter. To install, reverse removal procedure. Tighten starter mounting bolt/nuts to specification. See TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS . Fig. 4: Identifying Left-Side Noise Insulation Panel Mounting Points Fig. 5: Removing Starter